Refrigerating apparatus



Jan'al, 192s. 1,657,460

c. DELAYGUE nEFnmsnA'rIue Arnnuus original Find lin-cn 25. 1924 2 sheets-snee: 1-

Jan. 31, 1928. C. DELAYGUE REERIGERATING APPARATUS Original Filed latch 25, 1924 '2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Jan. 31, 1928.

CHARLES DELAYGUE, 0F PARIS, FRANCE.

4 BEFRIGERATIN G APPARATUS.

Original application filed This invention relates to refrigerating apparatus of the reversing absorption type intended for the production of cold for domestic use.

The object of the resent invention is to improve the form o condenser-evaporator suitable for such apparatus, and` includes a cylindrical condenser-evaporator comprising an outer vessel and an inner vessel, a pipe opening into the space between said outer and inner vessels by which the gas enters for condensation and by which the gas leaves after evaporation, and an internal jacket open at its top and bottom and positioned to envelope the walls of the inner vessel.

In order that the said invention may be fully understood and readily carried into effeet, an example thereof will now4 be described with reference to and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic sectional elevation of the condenser.

Figure 2 is a transverse section on the line :vof Figure 1, and

Figure S-is aview similar to Figure ,2 of a modified construction.

Figure 4 is a diagrammatical sectional elevation of anothercondenser.

This application comprises a division of my application which eventuated into P atent 1,602,147, dated Oct. 5, 1926, in which the condenser is shown as comprising an internal cylinder with a jacket of relatively small dlameter at thev bottom and over a relatively great height and of relatively great diameter towards the top and over a relatively small height. This arrangement is adapted tomaintain in the condenser` as long as possible the greatest possible height of the liquefied gas, and thus the greatest possible length of indirect contact with the water or the substances to be congealed contained in the internal hollow cylinder, because such substances only undergo the cooling required for their freezing up to the height which the liquefied gas attains and the efciency of the apparatus diminishes in proportion as the level of the liquid drops in -the condenser.

March 25, 1924, Serial No. 701,756. Divided and thin application iiled September 22, 1925. Serialk No. 57,983.

is employed to ensure its contact with the re-- ceptacle containing the liquid or the substances to be cooled or frozen and disposed within the vessel.

The jacket E which is as long as possible is arranged in the vessel G spaced from the walls of G and is held in place by cross ties e of which there may be any number `and.

located in any position. This jacket provides at the top and the bottom, two spaces g and g2, one for facilitating discharge towards the pipe c and the other for ensuring the renewal ofthe boiling li ud between the jacket E and the walls of G during evaporation.

It will be understood that under the effect of the ebullition of the liquid contained in the condenser the annular layer of gas or boiling liquid contained between E and G' will proceed to give rise to intense extrac tion of calories from the contents of the vessel G because this cold layer will be protected against external heat and, is itself cooled by the annular layer of gas or boiling liquid contained between E and the outer walls of G2.

The cold gases have a forced circulation between the jacket E and the walls of the vessel G', during which they play over said walls for the height thereof.

There will therefore be an intensecooling of the inner vessel G and as the annular layer inside between E and G', extends over the greater part of the height of the vessel G', the exchange of temperature and the coolin will go on whatever be the level of the boiling liquid inthecondenser.

Instead of lacing cross ties e in the top of the jacket to keep it in place 1t 1s possible to close the space comprised between E and G2 by an annular plate p, having small openings o (see Figure 3). With this construction the evaporation of the liquid betweenE and Grz will be considerably reduced,

.Y 'vantage particularly in block of ice is more rapid. The construction of the condenser itself is also greatly simplified and its cost proportionately reduced.

When the cooling which is due to the evaporation ofl the liquefied gas is not intended '-.to affect a smallmass which may be contained in a. central space within the condenser as above set forth, but is to be producedin a chamber of some size,` Athe gasproducing apparatus may be combined with a condenser as shown in section in Figure 4.

This device comprises a sheet steel casing 1 adapted to withstand the operating pressures' due to the gas when liqwueied, according to the temperatures at whlch the process is usuall carried out. The' said casing 1s traverse by a tube 2 wherein cold water is circulated in order to further the liquefaction. The gas inlet pipe enters the casing at the point 3 or at any other suitable point, and thedischarge pipe at`v the point 4 returns into the bor'ler any traces of the absorbent liquid which may have been drawn over during the evaporation of the as contained in the said liquid. The gas in et tube must communicate with the condenser at a point adjacent the upper wall of the. chamber or within the said wall, and the said chamber must have a sufficient size in order that the level of the liquefied gas shall remain in all cases below the section 3 of the said tube.

The condenser as a whole is surrounded by a jacket 5 of a thin metal which'is a good conductor of heat, for example of copper, aluminum or the like.

AThe intermediate space may be provided with a water circulation including the inlet conduit at 6 and the outlet at 7 combined with the circulation throu h thecentral tube 2. During the productlon of cold, this water vwill be replaced by a non-freezing.

brine such as salt water, or water containing glycerin, alcohol or the like.`

When thus filled, or even when empty, the

said jacket will aord protection and insulation against any inow of hot air upon the condenser, for example when one opens the enclosure in which it is contained and which is cooled thereby.

In order that this double function, i. e. the

i radiation of cold and the protection against heat, may be of a more reliable nature, a ver-.

brine in the intervening space. In like manner. said space will afford a good rotection aganst external heating, because w en filled, the reserve of cold will act as a protectin jacket, and when empty the time in whic the heating efect is exercised is usually too short to oler any appreciable heatin by conduction between the outer casing and the inner chamber.

By reason of the `water circulation during the period of condensation, there will be no apprehension that the condenser will radiate heat due to the inflow of hot gas condensing therein. Obviously, the brine is not circulated, and it can be admitted through the pipe 6 and optionally evacuated by the pipe The size of the condenser will depend upon the space to be cooled, and it is feasible to use two or more condensers mounted upon a common gas inlet pipe, these being in series.

The said arrangement is chieiy adapted to afford excellent results for the cooling of rerigerating chambers which will be most advantageously provided with insulated walls.

I-Iavin now particularly described and ascertaine the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim. is

1. In a refrigerating apparatus of the class described, including an outer vessel, an inner vessel spaced therefromand open at its opposite mds, an internal jacket surrounding the inner vessel and disposed adjacent to the walls thereof, and means for feeding.:I cooling medium intermediate tho inner vessel and its jacket and said jacket and the outer vessel.l

2. In a refrigerating apparatus of the class described, includin an outer vessel, an inner vessel spaced therero opposite ends, an internal jacket surrounding the inner vessel and disposed ad'acent to. the walls thereof, means for fee g a m and open at its cooling medium intermediate the inner ves -sel and its jacket and said jacket and the outei` vessel, and means at one endfor parits opposite ends and extending through said tially closing the ace between the jacket heads, and a jacket of less length than the` and the outer v inner vessel and surrounding the same 'to l0 3. In a refrigerating apparatus `of the provide a, relatively narrow annular space 5 class described, a cylindrical outer vessel for circulation of e cooling medium;

having opposite heads and an outlet passage' In testimony whereof I ax my signature. at its 'upper portion, lam innervessel open at CHARLES DELAYGUE. 

